Carlists,
a Spanish political faction which advocates the claims of Carlos of Bourbon and his descendants to the Spanish throne. In 1833 they revolted and held the advantage until 1836, which Espartero inflicted on them a terrific defeat at Luchana. In August, 1839, their commander, Maroto, treacherously made peace, and the remaining Carlists soon fled to France. In 1873 the grandson of the first pretender raised another revolt, but after several sharp conflicts was defeated, and in 1876 with his chief supporters fled into France.
Entry from Everybody's Cyclopedia, 1912.